Understanding Oral Cancer

Oral cancer accounts for 2.9% of all diagnosed cancer cases in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 51,000 people are expected to develop oral cancer annually, with 10,000 fatalities attributed to the disease.

Oral cancer can occur anywhere in the orofacial complex but is most commonly found on the tongue, tonsils, gums, floor of the mouth, lips, cheek lining, or hard palate. Men are twice as likely as women to develop oral cancer, especially those over the age of 50 who are heavy smokers and frequent alcohol users. Other risk factors include UV exposure, GERD, poor diet, prior radiation treatment to the head and neck, exposure to certain chemicals, and infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), which has led to a rise in oropharyngeal cancers.

Early detection and treatment of oral cancer offer the most favorable outcomes for care. As part of a comprehensive exam, dentists perform oral cancer screenings to identify early signs of the disease. This includes reviewing medical and dental histories and examining the oral cavity, head, and neck for abnormalities. If suspicious lesions or symptoms are detected, a referral for a comprehensive assessment may be recommended.